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P0420

Catalyst system efficiency below threshold, bank 1

The catalyst monitor sees bank 1 oxygen sensor activity that suggests the converter is no longer storing oxygen effectively.

Severity

Moderate

Moderate on its own, but higher priority when paired with other running issues.

Common symptoms

Check engine light with little change in drivability
Exhaust smell or reduced fuel economy
Rattling catalyst substrate in severe cases
Failed emissions readiness or inspection

Likely causes

Aging or damaged catalytic converter
Rear oxygen sensor reporting inaccurately
Upstream engine issue such as misfire, oil burning, or rich operation
Exhaust leak affecting sensor readings

Quick diagnostic steps

01

Check for stored or pending misfire, fuel-trim, and oxygen-sensor codes first

02

Review upstream and downstream oxygen sensor patterns on a fully warm engine

03

Inspect the exhaust for leaks ahead of the rear oxygen sensor

04

Confirm the engine is not consuming oil or coolant before condemning the converter

Driveability

Usually driveable, but do not ignore it if there are companion misfire or rich-running codes that can overheat the converter.

Recommended next checks

Verify catalyst monitor conditions were met when the code set
Inspect sensor connectors and compare sensor switching behavior
Resolve any mixture or misfire faults before converter replacement

AI mechanic questions

How do I tell a weak catalyst from a lazy rear oxygen sensor?
Can a past misfire trigger P0420 later on?
What live-data pattern should I expect from a healthy converter?
    Fault Codes | CarAtlas